After Robinson's father left the family in 1920, they moved to Pasadena, California. His middle name was in honor of former President Theodore Roosevelt, who died 25 days before Robinson was born. He was the youngest of five children born to Mallie (McGriff) and Jerry Robinson, after siblings Edgar, Frank, Matthew (nicknamed "Mack"), and Willa Mae. Jack Roosevelt Robinson was born on January 31, 1919, into a family of sharecroppers in Cairo, Georgia.
4.3.2 MVP, Congressional testimony, and film biography (1948–1950).4.3.1 Breaking the color barrier (1947).4.1 Negro leagues and major league prospects.After his death in 1972, Robinson was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his achievements on and off the field. In the 1960s, he helped establish the Freedom National Bank, an African-American-owned financial institution based in Harlem, New York. Robinson also was the first black television analyst in MLB and the first black vice president of a major American corporation, Chock full o'Nuts. He influenced the culture of and contributed significantly to the civil rights movement. Robinson's character, his use of nonviolence, and his talent challenged the traditional basis of segregation that had then marked many other aspects of American life. MLB also adopted a new annual tradition, " Jackie Robinson Day", for the first time on April 15, 2004, on which every player on every team wears No. 42. In 1997, MLB retired his uniform number 42 across all major league teams he was the first professional athlete in any sport to be so honored.
Robinson played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers' 1955 World Series championship. ĭuring his 10-year MLB career, Robinson won the inaugural Rookie of the Year Award in 1947, was an All-Star for six consecutive seasons from 1949 through 1954, and won the National League Most Valuable Player Award in 1949-the first black player so honored. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. When the Dodgers signed Robinson, it heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s. Robinson broke the baseball color line when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15, 1947. Jack Roosevelt Robinson (Janu– October 24, 1972) was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era. October 10, 1956, for the Brooklyn Dodgers MLB: April 15, 1947, for the Brooklyn Dodgers
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